Ендодонтичне лікування постійних зубів із незавершеним формуванням кореня: сучасний стан проблеми

M. Kisteniuk; N. Bidenko

doi:10.33295/1992-576X-2025-5-41

Authors

M. Kisteniuk Educational and Research Institute of Dentistry, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
N. Bidenko Educational and Research Institute of Dentistry, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1132-2446

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2025-5-41

Keywords:

endodontic treatment, regenerative endodontics, immature teeth, uncompletely formed tooth roots, apexification

Abstract

Relevance. Recently, a significant number of publications have appeared that aim to change approaches to endodontic treatment of immature teeth. At the same time, there remains a high need for endodontic treatment of such teeth due to complications of caries and dental trauma, which makes this research relevant.
Objective. To study the current state regarding approaches to the treatment of immature teeth and to summarize their main directions and prospects.
Material and methods. During the study, the bibliosemantic method was used, and sources on the endodontic treatment of teeth with incomplete root formation published over the past 10 years were identified.
Results. The analysis of the current state of research on endodontic treatment of immature teeth allowed identifying modern directions on this issue, namely: (1) improvement of regenerative techniques, use of tissue engineering and various biomaterials, which in the future will allow controlling the processes of healing and regeneration of root tissues; (2) continuation of research on optical methods for diagnosing pulp vitality; (3) finding new methods for detecting microorganisms in the root canal or biomarkers of inflammation directly from pulp or periodontal tissues; (4) expanding the possibilities of diagnosis and planning of endodontic treatment using CBCT and artificial intelligence-based platforms and the prospects for their further development; (5) searching for optimal protocols for chemomechanical root canal preparation that would achieve maximally effective canal disinfection with minimal negative impact of agents on the regenerative potential of tissues and maximum preservation of hard root tissues; (6) obtaining reliable results regarding clinical success, technical properties, and hermeticity of various bio-ceramic materials in comparison with traditional MTA, as well as techniques for their placement into the canal; (7) continued search for optimal materials for restoring the cervical third of the root.
Conclusions. Endodontic treatment of immature teeth with pulp necrosis remains a relevant issue in pediatric dentistry, given the high need for this treatment and its lower effectiveness compared to that of mature teeth. Scientific advances have recently significantly expanded clinicians’ capabilities in the endodontic treatment of immature teeth and hold great potential to improve treatment protocols and achieve more predictable results. The main goals of such therapy are the healing of the inflammatory process in the periradicular tissues and long-term preservation of tooth function.

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