Guidelines for authors

Text editor: MS Word (formats .doc, .docx).
Font: Times New Roman, 14 pt.
Line spacing: 1.5 line
Paragraph first line indent: 1.25 cm
Quotation marks should be of the same type throughout the text (angled « » is recommended for Ukrainian, " " for English).
Prohibitions: Do not use automatic hyphenation, headers and footers, and page numbering.

• All figures (photographs, diagrams, charts) and tables must be clear and legible.
• Photographs of clinical cases must be provided in high resolution (not less than 300 dpi).
• Objects are located directly in the text after their first mention.
• Continuous Arabic numerals are used (e.g., Fig. 1, Table 2). All illustrations (photographs, graphs) are classified as "Figures".
• References to each table or figure must be included in the text (for example: (Fig. 2; Table 3)).
• For borrowed materials, the source must be indicated. If changes have been made to the original object, this must be indicated (for example: "Adapted from..." or "Modified based on...").

Reference numbers are indicated in the text, tables, or figure captions in Arabic numerals in square brackets.

References are given in the order of their first mention in the text (for example: [3, 7]).

• If a term is formulated in several words and has a fixed abbreviation, the first mention of the term should be given its full name and followed by the abbreviation in parentheses. In the following, only the abbreviation is used in the text.
• The article should be clearly structured, and the material should be presented sequentially in the form of logically connected sections (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion).

1. UDCThe Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) is a mandatory element of each scientific article. The index is determined by the authors independently according to the official UDC tables (Universal Decimal Classification). It should correspond as precisely as possible to the topic of the study (for example, section 616.31 for dentistry). It is placed in the upper left corner of the first page of the manuscript before the information about the authors. Before the final inclusion of the index in the manuscript, we recommend checking its relevance through the official online UDC resources udcsummary.info. (on the right in the top row of the page)
2. List of Contributors
   • First and last nameInformation about authors must be provided clearly for correct indexing in scientometric databases.
     The full name and surname of each author are given (for example, Olena Petrenko).
     • If authors work in different institutions, it is necessary to use a superscript system:
     • A numerical index is placed after the author's surname (for example, Olena Petrenko¹).
     • The corresponding index is placed before the name of the affiliated institution (for example, ¹Ivano-Frankivsk National Medical University).
     • Additional data: Detailed information (scientific degree, academic title, position, ORCID and contact details) is indicated in a separate block in the "Information about the authors" section at the end of the article. and Author's ORCID Each author listed in the manuscript must have a personal ORCID digital identifier.
     The identifier is provided as a full active hyperlink (for example: https://orcid.org/0000-0000-0000-0000).
     It is indicated after the author's last name or in the author information block.
     • If the author does not yet have an identifier, it can be obtained for free on the official website https://orcid.org. 
   • Full name of the affiliated institution The full, current official name of the institution, city, and country are indicated. If the authors represent different organizations, the name of each institution is given on a new line and is indicated by a numerical index that coincides with the corresponding index next to the author's surname. The name of the institution is given in full, without abbreviations, according to its charter. (place of work or study), city, country.
3. Title of the article The title should reflect a brief description of the work, be specific and concise. It cannot contain commercial names of medicines or medical equipment without common words or expressions.
   It is submitted in the original language of the article (Ukrainian or English).
   It is printed in capital letters, bold. (bold capital letters).
4. Abstract The abstract should be understandable to the reader on its own, without reading the full text of the article. It should be structured (Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusions) and contain specific data, not general phrases. Nomenclature sources and references are not given. The recommended volume is at least 1500 characters with spaces (150-250 words).
   • Note: The abstract should not contain references to literature or abbreviations that are not deciphered within its limits. (1800–2500 characters).
5. Keywords. Given after the annotation with the note "Keywords:" 5–8 words or phrases that specify information about the research but do not repeat the title of the article. Separated by semicolons.

6. The text of the article For original research, the text should be structured according to the international standard (IMRAD). Each section should begin with the appropriate subheading: Introduction, Purpose of the study, Materials and methods, Results and discussion, Conclusions. is structured into sections
   (Introduction Introduction. General statement of the problem, analysis of recent research and publications that initiated the solution of this problem, and on which the author relies. The section should contain basic information about the subject of the research and a brief justification of the relevance of the work. All basic concepts, abbreviations, and acronyms should be explained and deciphered in the introduction. , Research ObjectiveResearch objective: formulated concisely, based on the analysis of the problem. The objective should not copy the title of the article and should not contain abbreviations., Materials and MethodsMaterials and methods. Data on the object of the study are provided (number and characteristics of patients, with their distribution by gender and age, etc.), methods, equipment, drugs, and chemicals used during the work are described. The principle of dividing patients into groups, as well as selection criteria (age, gender, weight, basic health status), are necessarily indicated. The section should contain sufficient information to enable further reproduction of the results by other researchers, comparison with similar studies, and possible inclusion of the article data in a meta-analysis., Research Results and Discussion Results and Discussion. The section should contain a presentation of the main results of the study in a logical sequence in the text, tables, and figures. It is necessary to avoid repeating all the data from the tables or figures in the text, and summarize only the most important observations in a logical sequence. When interpreting the results, it is recommended to discuss not only the individual effects observed but also their totality to identify cause-and-effect relationships among them. The author should compare the data obtained by him with those available in the literature and explain the novelty of their results. The discussion should include substantiated recommendations for clinical practice, comparisons with data from other authors, and the potential application of the results in future studies., ConclusionsConclusions should be concise, specific, consistent with the purpose and title of the article, and not duplicate phrases from the abstract. In a few sentences, summarize the work done: what was obtained, what it may indicate or mean, what it serves, and what opportunities it opens up. Reflect the prospects for using the results., Author ContributionsAuthors' Contributions: Brief information about what each co-author did (concept, collection of material, writing of the text, etc.)., Conflict of InterestConflict of interest: A declaration of the absence or presence of any financial or personal relationship that could influence the results., Use of Artificial IntelligenceUse of AI: If artificial intelligence was used to write text or analyze data, authors should indicate which model was used and for what purpose.).
7. List of references to used literary sources (prepared according to the APA standard). References are numbered sequentially, in the order of their first mention in the text. Source numbers are indicated in square brackets (for example, [1], [3–5]). Surnames of foreign authors in the text are given in the original language with initials.
   General requirements:
   • Sources are submitted according to the requirements of the international style APA (American Psychological Association), 7th edition.
   • Sources should not be older than 10 years at the time of submission of the article. It is recommended that 50% of sources have been published in the last 5 years.
   • DOI indexes should be provided if available (70% of references should have their own DOI indexes). Links to online publications (blogs, news sites), abstracts, and dissertations are not welcome. Priority is given to original articles in professional publications indexed in international databases (Scopus, Web of Science).
   • If the source has more than five authors, the first three authors are listed, followed by et al. (et al.)
   • Important: it is forbidden to include Russian-language sources in the list, as well as any works published in the territory of the Russian Federation.
   
   
   Rules for formatting Ukrainian sources:
   Sources in Ukrainian must be duplicated with an English translation according to the following scheme:
   Surname, Initials. (Year). Title of the article in English. Title of the journal, Volume (Number), Pages. [Original description in Ukrainian within square brackets]. DOI [in Ukrainian].
   Examples of formatting:
   Article in Ukrainian (with duplication in Ukrainian):
   Golinka, O., & Melikova, K. (2025). Formation of Professional Motivation of Dental Assistants. Actual Dentistry, 5, 52–59. [Голінка О. П., Мелікова К. Я. (2025). Формування професійної мотивації асистентів стоматолога. Сучасна стоматологія, 5, 52–59]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2025-5-52 [in Ukrainian].
   Article in English:
   Dias, A.T., Lopes, J.F., Fernandes, J.C.H., & Fernandes, G.V.O. (2025). The Treatment of Gingival Recessions in the Lower Anterior Region Associated with the Use/Absence of Lingual- Fixed Orthodontics Retainers: Three Case Reports Using the Laterally Closed Tunnel Technique and Parallel Incision Methods. Dent J, 13(3), 93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13030093.
   

8. Title of the article The title of the article in Ukrainian should be an exact translation of the English title, concise and meaningful. The use of abbreviations and trade names is not allowed. (in bold capital letters).
9. List of Contributors (in Ukrainian*):
   • First name, last name, and ORCID.
   • Full name of affiliated institution (place of work or study), city, country.

   * Not necessarily.

10. Abstract
11. Keywords

12. Detailed information:
    • surname, first name, patronymic (in full);
    • academic degree;
    • academic title;
    • position;
    • place of work;
    • correspondence address;
    • contact phone number and E-mail;