Визначення стану постійних зубів з незавершеним формуванням коренів у дітей, що звернулись з метою ортодонтичного лікування

Mariia Kisteniuk; Alona Melnyk

doi:10.33295/1992-576X-2026-2-PDEN-2

Authors

Mariia Kisteniuk Bogomolets National Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2291-0473
Alona Melnyk Bogomolets National Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9397-5445

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2026-2-PDEN-2

Keywords:

dental caries, pulpal and periapical disease, immature permanent teeth, orthodontic treatment, orthopantomogram, caries prevalence, caries intensity

Abstract

Relevance: The high prevalence of dental caries and its complications among children in Ukraine determines the need for new screening strategies aimed at preventing dental caries in children and adolescents. Early diagnosis and prevention of this pathology and its complications are particularly relevant for patients planning to undergo orthodontic treatment.

Aim. To evaluate the prevalence and intensity of dental caries in permanent immature teeth in children seeking orthodontic treatment, based on the orthopantomogram (OPTG) analysis.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of 109 orthopantomograms (OPTGs) was conducted. The radiographs belonged to children aged 7 to 15 years who were initially asymptomatic regarding the condition of their dental hard tissues and sought dental care specifically for orthodontic purposes. Based on the OPTG analysis, the prevalence and intensity of dentin caries in permanent teeth were determined using the DMFT index. Additionally, these indicators were assessed separately for teeth at various stages of root development.

Results. Radiographic signs of carious cavities and fillings were detected in 87.2% of the analyzed OPTGs, with 65.1% of these found exclusively in immature permanent teeth. Signs of dentin caries in permanent teeth were identified in 66.1% of the radiographs. The average intensity of radiographically confirmed caries according to the DMFT index was 4.1 ± 3.65, with the D (decayed) component predominating (2.3 ± 2.55). The mean DMFT score for immature permanent teeth was 1.8 ± 1.74. Signs of dentin carious lesions were predominantly recorded in molars (92.2% of all affected teeth), 39.4% of which were teeth with incomplete root formation. Premolars accounted for 7.2% of all affected teeth, mostly those with incomplete root formation (5.8%). The majority of affected teeth (40.3%) were at Cvek stage 4 of root development.

Conclusions. Signs of dentin caries in immature permanent teeth were identified in the vast majority of children who sought orthodontic treatment. The increased risk of caries development and progression in these teeth during orthodontic therapy necessitates a comprehensive approach to full oral cavity rehabilitation and preventive dental planning prior to the commencement of orthodontic therapy.

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