Анкети OHIP-49, OHIP-14, OHIP-TMD, OHIP-5, їхні українські версії та порівняльна оцінка соціального та діагностичного значення у визначенні скронево-нижньощелепних розладів

Valentyn Makеуev; Marta Shybinska

doi:10.33295/1992-576X-2026-2-ORSR-1

Authors

Valentyn Makеуev Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-8441
Marta Shybinska Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9150-7947

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33295/1992-576X-2026-2-ORSR-1

Keywords:

temporomandibular disorders, diagnostics, OHIP-49, OHIP-14, OHIP-TMD, OHIP-5, Ukrainian version

Abstract

Background. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are among the most common and complex pathologies of the stomatognathic system, affecting approximately 35% of the global population according to various estimates. The relevance of this issue is determined not only by the presence of physical pain and functional impairments but also by its pronounced biopsychosocial consequences. Chronic pain associated with TMDs is often accompanied by comorbid conditions, including depression, sleep disturbances, tinnitus, and chronic fatigue syndrome. The lack of professionally translated Ukrainian versions of the internationally recognized Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) series questionnaires limits the possibilities for early diagnosis and objective monitoring of therapy effectiveness. Therefore, the adaptation and comparative analysis of different forms of the OHIP questionnaires represent a strategically important task for domestic dental practice.

Objective. To scientifically substantiate and present a professional Ukrainian translation of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) questionnaire series in various modifications—ranging from the full-length OHIP-49 to the ultra-short OHIP-5 and OHIP-14, as well as the specialized OHIP-TMD version. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive comparative analysis of the adequacy, objectivity, and diagnostic value of these tools in the context of identifying and monitoring TMDs.
Materials and Methods. A critical review of 128 sources of scientific and medical information indexed in leading international databases (Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Index Copernicus) was conducted. From these, 47 publications directly relevant to the research topic were selected.

Results. The global prevalence of TMDs is approximately 35%, with women aged 20–40 being the most vulnerable group. The OPPERA study demonstrated that the annual incidence of new painful TMD cases among adults aged 18–44 is 4%, while the number of individuals reporting preclinical symptoms reaches 19%. This significant discrepancy between a clinically confirmed diagnosis based on the DC/TMD criteria and the patient’s subjective perception of pain creates a “gray zone” in diagnostics, where quality of life questionnaires become indispensable.

Conclusions. Comparative analysis confirms that for in-depth clinical and academic research, the use of OHIP-49 or the specialized OHIP-TMD form is most appropriate, as they exhibit the highest sensitivity to specific symptoms of joint dysfunction. OHIP-14 and OHIP-5 serve as optimal tools for outpatient practice due to their high correlation with the full-length version and minimal time requirements, which ensures high patient compliance. The implementation of these questionnaires into clinical practice will facilitate the execution of a biopsychosocial approach in dentistry, enhance the early diagnosis of TMDs, and improve the efficiency of monitoring treatment outcomes.

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